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Chasing Dragons through Time and Space: Martabani dragon jars in the Kelabit highlands, Sarawak, East Malaysia

机译：穿越时空追逐巨龙：东马来西亚砂拉越Kelabit高地的玛塔巴尼巨龙罐

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This thesis explores how a special group of objects, referred to as dragon jars in Southeast Asia, cross cultural and geographical boundaries and acquire new meanings within different social and temporal settings. The object biographical approach serves as the main theoretical framework for the dragon jar enquiry within which the complex histories of jars are revealed and a closer study of object-agency takes place. The mosaic of jar biographies is investigated through the dual methodologies of anthropology and archaeology recovering information which may otherwise have remained difficult to interpret from a singular disciplinary perspective.\udDragon jars ‒ or Martabans or Martavans as they are referred to in specialist literature ‒ are large stoneware vessels, decorated with a pair of eponymous dragons. The manufacture of these objects can be traced back to the workshops of southern China, where jars were first produced to service the burgeoning early global maritime trade. Their primary function was to contain fresh water and consumables on long sea-journeys and to serve as non-permeable packaging materials for commodities. However, as soon as dragon jars reached Southeast Asian shores, not only their contents but the jars themselves became sought-after items by indigenous communities. Here, dragon jars were transformed into local symbols of status and ritual paraphernalia while acquiring new meanings, taking on magical, even human-like properties. The case study area is located in the remote Kelabit highlands of Borneo (East Malaysia), where 230 jars dating from the 17th to 20th centuries were recorded in mortuary contexts and domestic settings. The thesis investigates how jars were incorporated into indigenous funerary practices and commensal feasting events, and explores the spiritual roles of dragon jars. A large influx of jars in the late 19th and early 20th century documented in the archaeological assemblage was interpreted with regard to the wider political, economic, and religious changes that took place during the transition from pre-colonial, to colonial, and then post-colonial periods. Dragon jars further serve as the means for an object-focused enquiry to unravel the complex relationship between jars and their Kelabit counterparts, and contribute to broader theoretical debates on material culture in shifting spatio-temporal and religious contexts.
机译：本文探讨了在东南亚被称为“龙罐”的一组特殊对象如何跨越文化和地理边界并在不同的社会和时间背景下获得新的含义。客体传记方法是龙壶研究的主要理论框架，在此框架中揭示了罐子的复杂历史，并进一步研究了客体机构。通过人类学和考古学的双重方法来研究罐子传记的镶嵌，以恢复信息，否则这些信息可能仍然很难从单一学科的角度进行解释。 stone器，饰有一对同名龙。这些物品的制造可以追溯到中国南部的工厂，在那里最初生产罐子来服务于迅速发展的早期全球海洋贸易。它们的主要功能是在漫长的海上航行中盛装淡水和消耗品，并用作商品的非渗透性包装材料。但是，一旦龙罐到达东南亚沿岸，不仅其内容物而且罐本身也成为土著社区的抢手货。在这里，龙罐被转化为当地的地位和礼节用具符号，同时获得了新的含义，并具有了神奇的，甚至类似于人类的特性。案例研究区域位于婆罗洲（东马来西亚）偏远的克拉比特高地，在葬场所和家庭环境中记录了230个17世纪至20世纪的罐子。本文研究了罐子如何融入当地的丧葬习俗和纪念宴会，并探讨了龙罐子的精神作用。从考古学的记录中可以看出，在19世纪末和20世纪初大量的罐子大量涌入，这与从前殖民时期到殖民时期再到后殖民时期过渡期间发生的更广泛的政治，经济和宗教变化有关。殖民时期。龙罐子进一步成为一种以对象为中心的调查手段，以揭示罐子及其与克拉比特人的罐子之间的复杂关系，并在时空和宗教背景的转变中，对物质文化进行更广泛的理论辩论。

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    Nyiri, Borbala;

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